I/O Model

In Data Science, the I/O (Input/Output) Model refers to the way data is transferred between a computer's memory and its peripherals, such as hard drives, network interfaces, and other devices. The I/O Model is an important consideration in designing efficient data processing systems, as it can greatly impact the overall performance of the system. There are several different I/O Models, including programmed I/O, interrupt-driven I/O, and direct memory access (DMA) I/O. Programmed I/O involves the CPU directly controlling the transfer of data between memory and peripherals, while interrupt-driven I/O allows the CPU to perform other tasks while waiting for data to be transferred. DMA I/O is the most efficient, as it allows data to be transferred directly between memory and peripherals without CPU intervention. However, it requires specialized hardware and software support.
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