Hash Functions

In Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, a hash function is a mathematical function that takes in an input (or 'key') and returns a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a unique representation of the input. The output of a hash function is known as a hash value or hash code. Hash functions are commonly used in data storage and retrieval systems, as they allow for efficient indexing and searching of large datasets. They are also used in cryptography to ensure the integrity of data by generating a unique digital signature for each piece of information. A good hash function should be deterministic, meaning that the same input will always produce the same output, and should also be resistant to collisions, meaning that it is difficult to find two different inputs that produce the same output.
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