Binary Search Trees

Binary Search Trees (BSTs) are a type of data structure used in computer science and data science for efficient searching and sorting operations. A BST is a binary tree where each node has a key and two children, referred to as the left child and the right child. The key of each node is greater than all keys in its left subtree and less than all keys in its right subtree. This property allows for efficient searching, as the search can be narrowed down to a specific subtree based on the comparison of the target key with the current node's key. BSTs are commonly used in applications that require fast searching, such as database systems and search engines. They also support efficient insertion and deletion operations, making them suitable for dynamic data sets. The height of a BST affects its performance, with a balanced tree providing optimal search times. However, if the tree becomes unbalanced, the search time can degrade to O(n), where n is the number of nodes in the tree.