Lithography

Lithography is a process of printing that uses a flat stone or metal plate on which the image areas are chemically treated to attract ink and the non-image areas are chemically treated to repel ink. In data science, lithography refers to the process of creating patterns on a substrate using light. This process is used in the semiconductor industry to create integrated circuits (ICs) and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Lithography involves the use of a mask, which is a patterned template that is used to transfer the pattern onto the substrate. The mask is placed in close proximity to the substrate and light is shone through the mask, creating a pattern on the substrate. Lithography is a critical step in the fabrication of ICs and MEMS, as it determines the size and shape of the features on the substrate.
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